Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a bacterial pathogen that causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in poultry. CRD not only reduces productivity in poultry farms but also leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. Molecular methods have emerged as a reliable tool for the diagnosis of this bacterial infection. The aim of this study was to identify virulence factors of Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolated from chickens with respiratory diseases using Real-TIME PCR High-RESOLUTION Melting curve (HRM) technique. In general, 50 broiler farms were included in this study. 20 samples were collected from each farm. DNA extraction was performed using CTB i-genomic DNA extraction kit. From 50 farms where samples were collected, four farms were identified as Mycoplasma positive using Real-TIME PCR method. The melting curve was performed with high-RESOLUTION real-TIME PCR and the obtained data were analyzed using the PCR max system. PCR results showed that pvpA, crmA and gapA genes were present in these samples, the results of phylogenetic tree drawing were compared with similar samples in previous studies. HRM analysis reveals molecular diversity between isolates. The results of this study showed that the use of HRM Real-TIME PCR is a reliable method to identify and investigate the presence of virulence factors related to the Mycoplasma pathogen.Keywords: Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Chronic respiratory disease, Poultry, Virulence gene, HRM Real-TIME P

Background/Objective: High-RESOLUTION sonography equipment permits for visualization of normal and abnormal thyroid gland with or without gel pad or water bath. This study prospectively presents surgically and pathologically proved patients with thyroid disease by direct ultrasound with or without Doppler (pulse, color, power Doppler). Patients and Methods: This study was performed by 7.5-10 MHz frequency linear probe transducer with axial RESOLUTION of 0.7mm and lateral RESOLUTION of 1-2 mm (Aloka 650 and super SG 140 Toshiba unit) assembly with color, power Doppler. Patient's neck was extended as a supine position. Results: Pathologic proof was obtained in 45 patients with benign and five patients with malignant thyroid disease. Benign lesions were follicular adenoma in 30 patients, goiter in 10 patients, as hashimoto thyroiditis in two patients, hemorrhagic cyst in two patients and simple cyst in one patient. Malignant lesions were follicular, papillary, and medullar carcinoma which seen in two, two, and one patients respectively. Echo patterns were as follow: Most of them showed decreased echo when we compare to normal thyroid tissue, some malignant lesions showed increased echo and some is echo, in the last group we need other work up for example Doppler (pulse, color, power) for evaluation vascularity. We did not have metastasis to thyroid gland. Conclusion: With advice in technology in crystal and design overall probe as a result create broadband width probe and also full digital sonography unit including (beam forming - CPU) in images RESOLUTION is with high grade than semi digital unit that before used for thyroid gland. When With any reason RESOLUTION is increased we should be able to diagnosed very small and smallest lesion (for example) mist to thyroid or recurrence after total Lobotomy: there is three primacy uses of sonography, 1) detection of mutionodular gland when only one nodule is suspected clinically and by isotop scan.2) High RESOLUTION sonogtaphy can detect occult malignancy with or without cervical adenopathy 3) small lesion for recurrence malignant Lesion.

The improvement of seismic data RESOLUTION in hydrocarbon exploration, especially in complex structures is of great importance. There are two types of RESOLUTION in surface reflection seismic data: horizontal RESOLUTION and vertical RESOLUTION. Vertical or temporal RESOLUTION is expressed by means of the tuning thickness and horizontal or spatial RESOLUTION is expressed by means of the Fresnel zone. Tuning thickness is defined as a quarter of the dominant wavelength at the position of the target layer. It is the minimum thickness by which the top and bottom of the layer is separable. The tuning thickness is related to interval velocity of the target layer and the dominant frequency of traveling wave at the depth of the target layer. Thus, the increase in the dominant frequency of seismic data can help to increase the vertical RESOLUTION....

In this paper a TIME-to-digital converter, based on parallel vernier ring oscillator is presented. The delay elements have been applied in parallel form to two ring oscillators with different frequencies. The delay difference of the TIME-to-digital converter stages’ can be less than an inverter delay’ because of using parallel elements. simultaneous use of parallel delay elements and vernier method, The proposed TIME-to-digital converter can be achieved high RESOLUTION. The signal gating method is used to reduce power consumption. In this method, when the lag signal reaches the lead one, by determining the digital output code, the control signal is activated and stops the fluctuations in two ring oscillators, thus it prevents power dissipation. A typical 6 bit TIME-to-digital converter with the proposed method is simulated in 65nm standard CMOS technology. 1ps RESOLUTION, 382uW average power consumption, 2269um2 chip area and 600Ms/s sampling rate is obtained under 1V power supply.

Background & Objective: According to the Iranian Ministry of Health prevalence of registeridentified inflammatory bowel disease among Iranian patients increased. The functional role of the TLR4 gene as a mediator of innate immune responses to pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract and its relationship to epigenetic changes is important. Our goal is to investigate the promoter DNA methylation of TLR4 gene in inflammatory bowel disease and to evaluate TLR4 gene as a biomarker to diagnose the disease. Materials & Methods: In this case-control study, DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of 55 volunteers including 35 patients with IBD and 20 healthy controls. High RESOLUTION melting technique (HRM) was used to investigate the promoter methylation changes of TLR4 DNA sequence in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls. Results: According to the results of this study, methylation level analysis of CpG regions of TLR4 promoter showed no significant difference between 35 inflammatory bowel patients and 20 healthy individuals (P = 0. 525). Also in this study, methylation changes were performed in relation to clinicopathological features that no significant relationship was observed. A significant assocation was observed between the levels of methylation in Fars compared to other ethnic groups such as Kurdish, Lor, Turk, Gilani, Arab, Mazandaran and Afghan (= 0. 035 P Value). Conclusion: This study showed that there is no significant relationship between the level of promoter methylation of TLR4 gene in the blood of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy individuals.

Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) schemes are low dissipative and high RESOLUTION schemes but bounded by stability criterion CFL<1 for explicit formulation. Stability criteria for explicit formulation limits TIME stepping and thus increase computational cost (computational TIME, machine cost). Research in the field of large TIME step (LTS) scheme is an active field for last three decades. In present work, Zhan Sen Qian’s modified form of Harten LTS TVD scheme is studied and used to solve one dimensional benchmark test cases. SOD and LAX cases of shock tube problem are solved to understand the behavior of modified large TIME step scheme in regions of discontinuities and strong shock waves. The numerical results are found to be in good agreement with analytical results, except slight oscillations near contact discontinuity for larger values of K. Results also reveal that the discrepancy between numerical and analytical results near expansion fan, contact discontinuity and shock grows for larger values of K. Increase in discrepancy is due to the increase in truncation error. Truncation error strongly depends on step size and step size increases as CFL (or K) increases. In present work, the correction into the numerical formulation of characteristic transformation is discussed and the inverse characteristic transformations are performed using local right eigen vector in each cell interface location. This idea of extending Harten’s large TIME step method for hyperbolic conservation laws proved to be very useful as the results shows that the modified scheme is a high RESOLUTION low dissipative and efficient scheme for 1D test cases.

The idea behind the research is to deal with real-TIME 3D imaging that may extensively be referred to the fields of medical science and engineering in general. It is to note that most effective non-contact measurement techniques can include the structured light patterns, provided in the surface of object for the purpose of acquiring its 3D depth. The traditional structured light pattern can now be known as the fringe pattern. In this study, the conventional approaches, realized in the fringe pattern analysis with applications to 3D imaging such as wavelet and Fourier transform are efficiently investigated. In addition to the frequency estimation algorithm in most of these approaches, additional unwrapping algorithm is needed to extract the phase, coherently. Considering problems regarding phase unwrapping of fringe algorithm surveyed in the literatures, a state-of-the-art approach is here organized to be proposed. In the aforementioned proposed approach, the key characteristics of the same conventional algorithms such as the frequency estimation and the Itoh algorithm are synchronously realized. At the end, the results carried out through the simulation programs have revealed that the proposed approach is able to extract image phase of simulated fringe patterns and correspondingly realistic patterns with high quality. Another advantage of this investigated approach is considered as its real-TIME application, while a significant part of operations might be executed in parallel.